The phrase "Lilli‐Burlero Bullen‐a‐la!" comes from the 17th-century English political song Lillibullero, which was popular during the Glorious Revolution of 1688. The phrase itself doesn't have a direct English translation—it is more of a rhythmic refrain rather than meaningful words. Some historians believe it may have been intended to mimic Irish-sounding speech or serve as a chant.

The song satirized the appointment of Richard Talbot, Earl of Tyrconnell, as Lord Deputy of Ireland, and it became widely sung by supporters of William of Orange

In 1686, Thomas, Lord Wharton composed lyrics for Purcell's tune. The rakish Wharton was satirizing King James II's appointment of Richard Talbot, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell as Lord Deputy of Ireland. Wharton's conceit is a sarcastic conversation between two Irishmen about the imminent arrival of the Catholic Talbot, and its dire implications for the Protestants.:  "Lilliburlero" (with -rl) was the watchword used by Irish Catholics during the Irish Rebellion of 1641