“In many societies such as Haiti, diglossia is operative, often related to class and upward mobility. The poorer classes speak Haitian creole, while the upper classes speak French. But with growing nationalism, there has been a movement to make Creole, the minor language, into the major language and the signifier of Haitian nationalism and independence. Such asymmetrical stratification of languages is universal” [Rubel, 2003: 17]